Aluminum alloy windows and doors are the most basic configuration of the general housing, but also the most important factors affecting lighting, ventilation and comfort. Then about aluminum alloy doors and windows design standards, have you ever understood?
Sill height
In general residential buildings, the height of the window sill is required to be not less than 0.9m, and when the height of the window sill is lower than 0.8m, protective measures should be taken. In public buildings, the height of the window sill varies from 1.0 to 1.8m, and the bottom height of the window sash that opens to the public walkway should not be less than 2.0m.
Window height
General residential buildings, the height of the window is 1.5m, plus sill height of 0.9m, the top of the window from the floor 2.4m. window height should be based on the light, ventilation, space image and other requirements to be decided, but pay attention to the window is too high rigidity problems, if necessary, to add a beam or “spell gage”. In public buildings, the height of the whole glass has more than 7.2m, that is not part of the general scope of the window.
Window width
Window width is generally from 0.6m, according to the provisions of the standard building opening specification, the general building opening width modulus is 300mm, that is, the general width of 600mm, 900mm, 1200mm, 1500mm and so on. It should be noted that when the window opening is too wide, the vertical keel should be added or “splicing”, otherwise it is prone to window stiffness problems.
Door height
For people to pass the door, the height is generally not less than 2m, and then high also should not be more than 2.4m, otherwise there is a sense of emptiness, door production also need to be particularly strengthened. Such as modeling, ventilation, lighting needs, can be added in the door waist window, its height from 0.4m, but should not be too high.
For vehicles or equipment through the door, according to the specific circumstances of the decision, its height should be higher than the vehicle or equipment 0.3 ~ 0.5m, so as to avoid vehicles due to bumps or equipment needs to be padded roller handling collision door frame. As for all types of vehicles through the headroom requirements, to consult the appropriate specification.
If it is a stadium, exhibition halls and other large volume, large space buildings, the need to set up the door of the scale, you can add a large door on the conventional size of the attached door for the door does not need to be opened, people can pass.
Nowadays, a variety of equipment within the building wells check the door is quite a lot, it is not often through the place, so the general high and ordinary door frame or some lower, the lower side of the threshold with the skirting line is also left at the same height, and its net height does not have to adhere to 2m, 1.5m or so can be. Hotel rooms, the net height of the doorway ≥ 2.1m.
Door width
General residential door 0.9 ~ 1m, room door 0.8 ~ 0.9m, kitchen door 0.8m or so, bathroom door 0.7 ~ 0.8m, as a result of the consideration of modern furniture into the move, now take the upper limit size. Door width of public buildings in general single door 1m, double door 1.2 ~ 1.8m, and then wide to consider the production of the door, double door or multi-door door width of 0.6 ~ 1.0m is appropriate. Hotel guest room doorway width is generally ≥ 0.9m, bathroom doorway width ≥ 0.75m.
The width of the mortuary door for safety evacuation should be set according to the calculation and the specification (relevant fire code). Pipe wells for maintenance of the door, the width is generally 0.6 m. For motor vehicles or equipment through the door, in addition to its own width, each side of the gap is only 0.3 ~ 0.5 m.
Aluminum alloy doors and windows maintenance
The dust on the aluminum alloy doors and windows should be cleaned regularly to keep the aluminum alloy doors and windows and glass and hardware clean and bright. If the aluminum alloy doors and windows are contaminated with oil stains and other things that are difficult to clean, it is best not to use strong acid or alkali solution for cleaning, otherwise it is not only easy to make the surface finish of the profile is damaged, but also destroy the protective film on the surface of the hardware and the oxidation layer and cause rust and corrosion of the hardware.
When opening aluminum alloy doors and windows, the strength should be moderate, try to keep the speed uniform when opening and closing. Try to avoid hitting aluminum doors and windows with hard objects or scratching the surface of the profile.
The inside of the frame should be cleaned up in a timely manner, such as granular debris, so as not to block the drainage channels and cause poor drainage and water leakage phenomenon. Found that aluminum alloy doors and windows in the use of the process of opening inflexible or other abnormalities, should be timely to find the cause, if the customer can not troubleshooting, can be contacted with aluminum alloy doors and windows manufacturers and suppliers, so that the fault can be promptly eliminated. Finally, it must be noted that the purchase of doors and windows of the top ten brands, the quality is relatively more guaranteed.
Architectural design of windows and doors
Windows and doors are the units of the building, the decorative symbols of the façade effect, and ultimately reflect the characteristics of the building. Although different buildings have different requirements for the design of windows and doors, windows and doors of the large sample compartment varies greatly, but still can find some rules.
1. Doors and windows facade compartmentalization in line with aesthetic characteristics, compartmentalization design, to consider the following factors
(1) the coordination of the proportion of compartmentalization. In terms of a single glass panel, aspect ratio as close as possible to the golden ratio, should not be designed as a square and aspect ratio of 1:2 or more than a narrow rectangle, the height of the bright son of the frame is generally high 1/4 ~ 1/5, should not be too large or too small;
(2) window and door façade compartmentalization should have a certain degree of regularity, but also to reflect the changes, in the changes in the regularity; compartmentalization lines sparse and dense; equal distance, equal size divisions show rigorous, dignified, serious; unequal free division is to show rhythm, vivacity and dynamism;
(3) at least the same room, the same wall windows and doors of the horizontal compartmentalized lines should try to be at the same level, vertical lines as far as possible aligned;
(4) Doors and windows façade design should take into account the overall effect of the building requirements, such as architectural contrast, light and shadow effects, symmetry and so on.
2. Doors and windows color selection (including glass and profile color)
Doors and windows of the color selection is an important part of the final effect of the building, doors and windows to match the color and architectural features, in determining the color to be agreed with the architectural designers, owners and other parties.
3. Personalized design of windows and doors
According to the customer’s different hobbies and aesthetic point of view, design a unique window and door facade modeling.
4. Transparency of windows and doors
Windows and doors in the main part of the elevation of the line of sight within the height range (1.5m ~ 1.8m or so) is best not to set up horizontal and vertical frames, so as not to block the line of sight. Some windows and doors need to use high transmittance glass or require a large open field of view, easy to watch the outdoor scenery.
5. Windows and doors of the light and ventilation
The ventilation area of windows and doors and the number of movable fans to meet the ventilation requirements of the building; at the same time, the lighting area of windows and doors should also meet the “Building Lighting Design Standards” (GB/T50033-2001) and the requirements of the architectural design drawings. Article 4.2.4 of the Energy Conservation Design Standards for Public Buildings (GB 50189-2005) stipulates that the window-to-wall area ratio of the building’s exterior windows for each direction should not be greater than 0.70, and when the window-to-wall area ratio is less than 0.40, the visible light transmission ratio of the glass should not be less than 0.4.
2, doors and windows safety design
1. Doors and windows aluminum profile wall thickness requirements
The wall thickness of aluminum profiles for windows meets the current national standard of high precision level, and the minimum wall thickness of the stressed components is ≥1.4mm.
1, doors and windows stressed rod (such as sliding window light hook enterprise, center column, with bright down, with bright on the slide, bilateral front, etc.) must be carried out after strict pressure calculation, the profile as a stressed rod, the profile wall thickness should be based on the conditions of use, selected by calculation. Aluminum alloy doors and windows should be tested or calculated to determine the force components.
2. Door and window glass safety design
(1) glass selection: glass thickness is determined by calculation, and should not be less than 5mm. building the following parts of the doors and windows must use safety glass (tempered glass or laminated glass):
(a) 7 layers and more than 7 layers of the building external casement windows;
(b)Window glass with an area greater than 1.5 square meters;
(c) Floor-to-ceiling windows where the bottom edge of the glass is less than 500mm from the final finish;
(d)Tilting windows with an angle of less than 75° to the horizontal inclined roof and greater than 3m from the interior floor;
(e)Framed glass doors with a glass area greater than 0.5m2;
(f) Frameless glass doors should be tempered glass with a thickness of not less than 10mm.
(2) The amount of glass and groove lap and other matching dimensions should be in accordance with the provisions of Table 5 and Table 6 in “Aluminum Alloy Windows” (GB/T8479).
(3) Glass and aluminum alloy frame groove should be rubber gasket flexible contact.
(4) The glass should be processed by mechanical edge grinding, and the mesh of grinding wheel should be more than 180 mesh.
3. Selection and design of hardware accessories.
(1) In the selection of hardware accessories, try to choose quality-assured products, the quality level of hardware accessories should be consistent with the quality level of doors and windows, the structure and shape of hardware accessories should be compatible with the profiles, color coordination and beautiful, functional and correct, flexible, easy to install.
(2) The installation of hardware fittings should be complete, standardized, secure and accurate position. After installation, the doors and windows have beautiful appearance, open flexibly and conveniently, and there shall be no deformation, obstruction and collision.
(3) Hardware exposed fasteners should be preferred to stainless steel products.
(4) Casement doors and windows and large-sized sliding doors and windows should be closed with multiple locking points, otherwise the airtightness will be greatly reduced under the action of the negative pressure difference, taking into account the ease of operation, it is best to use multiple locking point handles or actuators.
Pavida Windows &Doors co.Ltd
JoJo Chow
Tel/Whatsapp/wechat:+86 13751591113
Email: lorraine@pavida.cn
